Electricity & energy
Electricity emission factors connect energy use with the generation mix and the accounting method. Geography and the reporting period shape the choice.
Grid electricity · Purchased heat · Steam
Cleture Atlas / Emission factor explorer
A guide to factor selectionEmission Factor Database
Search emission factors from Cleture Atlas by activity, geography, year and methodology.
What activity are you looking for?
Powered by Cleture AtlasExplore a topic
Start with an activity.
Search an activity to explore published emission factors, check their geography and source, and calculate emissions with Atlas. Choose a topic above or enter your own search.
Start with your activity
One footprint. Many activities.
Understand the factor families behind corporate carbon inventories and product carbon footprints.
Fuels & combustion
Natural gas, diesel and other fuels require compatible quantity and energy units. Separate direct combustion from upstream fuel production.
Natural gas · Diesel · Stationary combustion
Transport & travel
Freight and business travel depend on the mode, distance, vehicle and load. Passenger-kilometres and tonne-kilometres describe different activities.
Road freight · Air travel · Sea freight
Materials & products
Purchased materials contribute to supply chain emissions and product carbon footprints. Check production technology and life-cycle boundaries before comparing factors.
Steel · Aluminium · Plastics
Waste & treatment
The material and treatment route matter. Recycling, landfill and incineration represent different processes and should not be treated as interchangeable.
Recycling · Landfill · Waste treatment
Agriculture & food
Agricultural and food production factors depend on the crop, production system and boundary. Check regional relevance and whether land-use change is included.
Crops · Food production · Agricultural inputs
The calculation, explained
A factor is more than a number.
An emission factor expresses greenhouse gas emissions per unit of activity. In carbon accounting, it connects a measured quantity — energy, distance or material — to its associated emissions.
The basic relationship
Activity data × Emission factor = Emissions
Keep units and boundaries consistent. A CO₂-only factor and a CO₂e factor covering multiple greenhouse gases do not describe the same result.
Explore corporate carbon accountingFour checks before you choose.
A relevant factor fits the activity you are reporting. Keep the source and selection rationale with the calculation.
Geography & technology
Match the country, grid, production process or transport mode to the actual activity.
Reporting year & version
Check the period represented by the data. Record the publication and version used for a reproducible inventory.
Quantity & unit
Check kWh, litres, kilograms or tonne-kilometres. Energy basis, density and currency year can affect conversions.
Scope & life-cycle boundary
Distinguish combustion, upstream production and full life-cycle emissions. Use the boundary required by your accounting method.
Emission factors, explained.
A practical starting point for greenhouse gas accounting, factor selection and traceable carbon footprints.
What is an emission factor?
An emission factor relates an activity to greenhouse gas emissions. For example, electricity consumption measured in kWh can be multiplied by a compatible electricity factor to estimate emissions. The factor’s unit, location, period and coverage are part of its meaning.
How do emission factors relate to Scope 1, 2 and 3?
Scope 1 covers direct emissions from sources owned or controlled by the reporting organisation. Scope 2 covers emissions from purchased energy. Scope 3 covers other value chain emissions, such as purchased goods, freight and business travel. The scope depends on the activity and organisational boundary; a factor name alone does not determine it.
How should I choose an electricity emission factor?
Begin with the consumption location and reporting period. Distinguish location-based factors from market-based contractual information. For Türkiye, consider the relevant ETKB electricity publications and their production or consumption-point boundaries. Keep the selected source and methodology with the calculation.
Are kg CO₂ and kg CO₂e interchangeable?
No. CO₂ refers to carbon dioxide. CO₂e expresses greenhouse gases using a common warming-equivalent basis. Check the gases included, the global warming potential assessment and the time horizon before comparing or combining factors.
How does the Atlas emission factor explorer work?
Search for an activity, narrow the results by country, year, context, category or activity unit, and open a factor to see its source and license. Enter an activity amount to request an Atlas calculation. Only factors available for public use are shown; coverage depends on the source and its license.
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Explore Atlas APIDon’t just find emission factors. Use them.
Connect factor selection to your Scope 1, 2 and 3 inventory, product carbon footprint and CBAM calculations with Cleture.